Includes bibliographical references (p. [219]-261) and index.

Introduction: From Clash to Encounter 1
The Numbers Debate 9

Part I. Islam and the West: Mutual Transformation19
Islam as Stigma 21
The Secularization of Individual Islamic Practice 43
The Secularization of Islamic Institutions in Europe and the United States: Two Approaches 65

Part II. The Imagined Community 89
The Absolutized Community 91
The Virtual Community 111

Part III.The Reinvented Community: New Figures of Islamic Authority in the West 123
Bureaucratic and Parochial Leaders 125
Transnational Leaders and Charismatic Speakers 141
The Reformation of Islamic Thought 159
Conclusion: Toward a Reconciliation of Islam and the West? 175
Appendix I 183
Appendix II 185
Appendix III 199
Glossary 215
Notes 219
Bibliography 247
Index 263